If we look at the map, Aksai Chin is control by China, but claimed by India where as Arunachal Pradesh is controlled by India, but claimed by China. On 15th june 2020, for the first time after a half century, India says at least 20 soldiers are killed and 76 injured after hand to hand fight with Chinese troop in Galwan valey (Galwan ghati). China hasn’t published its official numbers of casualities. To better understand why and when this duispute started, we need to go back to 1962.
When Britishers left India in 1947, they left Sino-Indian border dispute unresolved. When China became independent in 1949, both the countries started talking to solve border dispute. On 28 June 1954, both the countries agreed to make new boundaries, but agreement failed over demarcation of border.
India never suspected that China would attack, but it did. China attacks would India on 20th October 1962 which was later known as SINO INDIA WAR. The belief of not ever being attacked by China didn’t let the Indian prepare and result was the standoff between 10000-20000 Indian troops and 80000 Chinese troops. War continued for about a month and ended on 21st November after China declared a cease fire.
India & China has dispute in 3 sectors. Eastern Sector, where China claims that India occupies Chinese territory, that is Arunachal Pradesh as Southern Tibet. Middle Sector where some dispute areas are Uttarakhand and Arunachal Pradesh. Western sector where India accuses China occupying Indian territory since 1962 war known as Aksai Chin. China says it is the extension of Tibet whereas India says it is the extension of Ladakh.
There is a lake called Pangong which is situated at LAC being shared between India and China. The lake has been surrounded by mountains and every slope of mountains is officially referred as “FINGERS”. There has been 8 finger points marked. According to India all the 8 fingers are in its border and China claims that finger 5 to 8 are in their border. The area between finger 4 and 8 has been the matter of dispute and it is called as a grey area. On 5th May, there was a clash between Indian and Chinese soldiers at beach of Pangong Lake. The Chinese troop have built their camp in between finger 4 to 8. This is where both military soldiers doing patrolling often.
The India and China border passes through the Himalayas and the valleys. It passes through miles of rivers, glaciers and forests in few places so that there is not possible to be built among the India China border. This is why the border dispute has not being solved yet.
Apurba Dash
Sambalpur University
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